Adding a User in Linux with Password and Sudo Privileges
作者:XD / 发表: 2024年7月30日 03:50 / 更新: 2024年7月30日 03:51 / 编程笔记 / 阅读量:533
Managing users in a Linux environment is a crucial task for system administrators. This guide covers the steps to create a new user, set a password, and grant them sudo privileges.
1. Creating a New User
To create a new user, use the adduser
command. This command automatically creates a home directory and sets up the environment.
sudo adduser username
Replace username
with the desired username. The system will prompt you to set a password and provide other optional details.
2. Setting the User's Password
During the user creation process, you will be asked to set a password. However, if you want to change the password later, use the passwd
command:
sudo passwd username
Enter the new password when prompted. Ensure it's strong and secure.
3. Granting Sudo Privileges
To grant the new user sudo privileges, you need to edit the sudoers file. This file controls the sudo access for users and groups. It's crucial to use the visudo
command to safely edit this file, as it checks for syntax errors before saving.
Method 1: Using visudo
Open the sudoers file with visudo
:
sudo visudo
Add the User to the sudoers File:
In the sudoers file, add a line for the new user:
username ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
Replace username
with the actual username. This grants the user full sudo privileges.
Save and Exit:
In Vim, save the file and exit by pressing Esc
, typing :wq
, and pressing Enter
.
Method 2: Directly Editing /etc/sudoers
Open the sudoers file:
sudo vim /etc/sudoers
Edit Carefully:
Add the following line, ensuring no syntax errors:
username ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
Save and Exit:
Again, save and exit by pressing Esc
, typing :wq
, and pressing Enter
.
4. Verifying Sudo Access
To confirm that the user has sudo privileges, switch to the new user and run a command with sudo
. For example:
su - username
sudo whoami
The command should return root
, indicating that the user has sudo access.
Conclusion
Adding a user with sudo privileges in Linux involves creating the user, setting a password, and modifying the sudoers file. Always edit the sudoers file carefully to avoid syntax errors that could disrupt system access. Grant sudo access judiciously to maintain system security.